Electric scooters have seen a significant rise in Spain, becoming an economical, eco-friendly, and practical option for getting around cities. Their popularity has grown especially among young people seeking fast and sustainable solutions for daily travel.
However, this surge in demand has brought challenges for road safety and regulation. To ensure safe coexistence between pedestrians, drivers, and other road users, new measures now affect the sale and use of these devices. From early 2024, and fully in effect by 2027, scooters must hold an official certificate to be legally used on public roads. This requirement combines safety and industry standards to ensure all scooters meet minimum technical and quality benchmarks.
Until recently, the Spanish market for personal mobility vehicles (PMVs) operated with minimal oversight. Unregulated scooters, often modified to exceed legal speeds and lacking safety systems, caused accidents and conflicts between pedestrians and riders.
In response, Spain’s mobility authorities introduced clear rules governing the use, purchase, and operation of electric scooters and similar vehicles. This framework aims to improve road safety and protect all users.
The need for regulation was urgent: many young riders used pavements at excessive speeds, endangering themselves and pedestrians. Consequently, strict standards were introduced to limit performance and ensure safe operation.
Only scooters certified under Spain’s PMV Manual of Characteristics may be sold. Certification ensures quality and safety, covering both technical performance and usability.
Key requirements include:
- Maximum speed of 25 km/h to prevent excessive speed risks.
- Tamper-proof systems to prevent illegal modifications.
- Real-time speed and battery indicators for user information.
- Independent dual brakes capable of a minimum deceleration of 3.5 m/s², with parking brakes mandatory on three-wheeled models.
- Reflectors and lights (front, side, rear); cargo scooters require indicators and additional mirrors.
- Acoustic horn to alert pedestrians, with reverse warning on freight models.
- Safe folding mechanisms to prevent accidental openings.
- Permanent, unique markings identifying each vehicle with serial number, year, and brand.
- Wheels with a minimum diameter of 203.2 mm and textured surface for better grip.
- Kickstands or centre stands on two-wheeled vehicles to avoid obstructing public pathways.
In addition to these technical standards, scooters must pass tests for structural strength, battery thermal protection, anti-slip performance, and electromagnetic compatibility, ensuring durability and rider safety.
Implementation Timeline
Since 22 January 2024, only certified scooters may be sold, though those purchased earlier can operate during a transitional period.
The full compliance deadline is 22 January 2027. From then, only certified models may circulate on public roads. This measure standardises scooter use and enhances safety for riders and pedestrians. Manufacturers and retailers must comply with these rules to continue operating in Spain, affecting production, distribution, and sales of electric scooters.